Here in Oman, the period of Ramadan has begun — the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar during which Muslims commemorate the first revelation of the Quran through acts of fasting and increased prayer.
Ramadan, prayer, and fasting
The period of Ramadan is marked by fasting (from water, food, cigarettes, and any intimate activities) from dawn until sunset for a duration of 29–30 days. The end of the fast is announced only when the new moon is sighted during the last week of the ninth month.
The meaning of Ramadan is so profound that fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam, seen as a declaration of faith that strengthens one’s belief and personal relationship with Allah.
Fasting is not just about abstaining from food and water, but encompasses the entire personal sphere: it is a time to free oneself from selfish desires focused on material well-being, during which the believer practices a spiritual exercise of self-discipline and control that brings them closer to spiritual enlightenment and God. It is therefore a moment of reflection and heightened attention to prayer and the recitation of verses from the holy Quran.
The practice of fasting is not required for everyone: children under eight years old, the elderly, pregnant women, and travelers are exempt. For all others, if fasting during the prescribed period is not possible, it must be postponed to a later date rather than skipped altogether.
The last prayer of the evening marks the end of the day’s fast and signals the start of Iftar, which literally means “breakfast.”
According to tradition, Iftar begins by eating three dates. This is followed by a full meal including rice, sweet and savory fritters, soups, rice, mutton or fish, and fruit. Iftar is an important social gathering, involving families or entire communities. It is common to have guests during Iftar to emphasize the spirit of sharing and hospitality.
During Ramadan, another concept dear to Islamic doctrine is emphasized: charity. Through acts of kindness and sharing Iftar with the less fortunate, charity takes on greater significance during this sacred month.
